Інше. Кафедра цивільної та промислової безпеки

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Browsing Інше. Кафедра цивільної та промислової безпеки by Subject "air pollution"

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    IMPROVEMENTOF THE COMPUTER MODEL OF AIR POLLUTION ESTIMATION DUE TO EMISSIONS OF STATIONARY SOURCES OF AIRPORTS AND COMPRESSOR STATIONS
    (2021-11-03) Synylo, Kateryna; Krupko, Andriy; Karpenko, Sergiy; Zaporozhets, Oleksander
    Emission sources at airports and compressor stations have the potential to emit pollutants, the effects of which can degrade local air quality. In most cases, the basis of gas pumping units includes either aircraft engines that have exhausted their flight life, or their targeted modifications to fulfill the tasks of gas pumping units and compressor stations in various gas transportation systems. The methodology for calculating the concentration of pollutants contained in the emissions of enterprises does not take into account all possible features of emission sources, in terms of passive stationary sources and cold emissions, the algorithm of the methodology requires clarification and the justifications given in the article indicate possible ways of clarification. According to the decision of the CAEP SG-2020 Coordination Meeting "detailed documentation for the Ukrainian POLEMICA air quality model provided in CAEP/12-FESG-MDG/2-WP/09 should be considered as the final documentation for verifying this model for compliance with ICAO document 9889 requirements". The results of calculating the maximum concentration for the test scenario using Gaussian models, verified in CAEP, differ by almost 2 times. A similar result according to the PolEmiCa model ~ 1.5 μg/m3 is almost two times less, which is due to the inclusion of the effects of the initial rise in the emission of the mixture from a stationary source into the algorithms of the OND-86 method
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    PM EMISSIONS PRODUCED BY AIRCRAFT UNDER THE OPERATIONS AT THE AIRPORT
    (NAY, 2016-04) Synylo, Kateryna; Zaporozhets, Oleksandr
    Purpose: The effects of aircraft engine emissions within the planetary boundary layer under the landing/ take-off operations contribute sufficiently to deterioration of air pollution in the vicinity of the airports and nearby residential areas. Currently the primary object of airport air quality are the nitrogen oxides and particle matter (PM10, PM2.5and ultrafine PM) emissions from aircraft engine exhausts as initiators of photochemical smog and regional haze, which may further impact on human health. Analysis of PM emission inventory results at major European airports highlighted on sufficientlyhigh contribution of aircraft engines and APU. The paper aims to summarizethe knowledge on particle size distributions, particle effective density, morphology and internal structure of aircraft PM, these properties are critical for understanding of the fate and potential health impact of PM. It also aims to describe the basic methods for calculation of emission and dispersion of PM, produced by aircrafts under the LTO operations. Methods: analytical solution of the atmospheric diffusion equation is used to calculate the maximum PM concentration from point emission source. The PM concentration varies inversely proportional to the wind velocity u1and directly proportional to the vertical componentof the turbulent exchange coefficient k1/u1. The evaluation of non-volatile PM concentration includes the size and shapeof PM. PolEmiCa calculates the distributions of PM fractions for aircraft and APU exhausts (height of installation was given H=4,5m like for Tupolev-154). Results:The maximum concentration of PMin exhaust from APU is higher and appropriate distance is less than in case for gas. PM polydispersity leads to the separation of maximums concentration in space for individual fractions on the wind direction and therefore it contributes to the reduction of maximum total concentration. Discussion:But although the APU has contributed significantly to the emission of aircraft at airports, APU emissions are not certificated by ICAO or any other responsible for that authority.It is quite actual task for local air quality to development model and find measurement techniques to identify aircraft engine and APU contribution to total airport PM pollution.
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    PolEmiCa model for local air quality assessment in airports
    (2023-01-20) Синило, Катерина Вікторівна; Крупко, Андрій
    Aircraft engine emissions have a direct impact on air quality in local, regional and global scales. Several studies exhibited extremely high concentrations of toxic compounds (including nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5 and UFP), unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) and carbon monoxide (CO)) due to airport-related emissions and a significant impact on the environment (Herndon et al., 2008) and health of the people living near the airport. Key variable of local air quality (LAQ and related impact considerations is the pollutant concentration (quantity of a pollutant per volume of ambient air), for which national and global regulations specify limit values.