РОЗРОБКА БІОТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ОТРИМАННЯ МОЛЕКУЛЯРНОГО ВОДНЮ ПРИ МАКСИМАЛЬНІЙ ДЕСТРУКЦІЇ ХАРЧОВИХ ВІДХОДІВ

Abstract

Molecular hydrogen is a high-energy, environmentally friendly and most promising energy carrier among alternative energy sources. Fermentation of organic matter is the most profitable direction of its industrial production, since environmentally hazardous solid food waste of megacities is cheap and constantly renewable substrate for microbial synthesis of H2. However, such biotechnologies require detailed study and efficiency improvement. Therefore, the purpose of our work was to develop an optimal mode of fermentation of environmentally hazardous multi component food waste to obtain environmentally friendly energy carrier H2. On the basis of thermodynamic prediction of the regularities of food waste fermentation, two strategically important conditions for an effective biotechnological process were formulated and experimentally confirmed, namely: Eh = –300...–400 mV, pH = 6.0...7.0. Biotechnology developed by us provided not only high yield of H2 (VH2 = 100-127 l/kg of waste), but also rapid (T = 3-4 days) and effective destruction of environmentally hazardous waste (Kd = 93-140). We have developed the theoretical model and biotechnological algorithm for efficient obtaining of H2 and rapid fermentation of environmentally hazardous organic waste. Obtained results are promising for development of novel industrial biotechnologies for synthesis of H2 with simultaneous destruction of waste and bioremediation of environment.