Кафедра екології

Permanent URI for this community

http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/9142

News

Відповідальний за розділ: асистент кафедри екології Явнюк Андріан Андріанович. E-mai: a_yavnyuk@ukr.net

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 925

A complex assessment of the ecological state of the city of Kherson by bioindication method
(Національний авіаційний університет, 2020-06) Гусєва, Аліна Віталіївна
Object of research: change in the composition of atmospheric air under the influence of anthropogenic activity Subject of research: the level of air pollution Aim оf research: to assess the ecological state of the city of Kherson, to estimate the anthropogenic load on the city using bioindication methods. Methods of research – information search, analysis and synthesis of information, comparative analysis, mapping, visual observations, method of phytoindication, method of lichen indication. The practical value of the work is to determine the anthropogenic impact on the city and the environment. Creation of a map of anthropogenic load on the city and maps of city pollution. The results of the thesis can be used in the course of research and in practice by both local residents and environmental experts. Information of the thesis can serve the development of the environmental awareness of city residents.
Adaptation of the Kyiv city ecosystem to climate changes
(National Aviation University, 2021-12) Mushta, Maryna Andriivna; Мушта, Марина Андріївна
The object of research is effects of climate changes on urban ecosystem. The aim оf work is to develop nature based solution project for one of the Kyiv districts. Methods of research: search, analysis and synthesis of information, comparative analysis, visual observations, statistical data processing.The paper considers the challenges of urban ecosystems through climate change and methods of adaptation of urban ecosystems to climate change; the current state of urban infrastructure in Kyiv has been studied; th e strengths and weaknesses of Kyiv's urban infrastructure in the conditions of climate change are analyzed and organizational, technical and natural solutions for the adaptation of Kyiv's city are identified. Based on these data, the current state of urban infrastructure in the Osokorky area was determined and a project of "natural solutions" for the north-western part of the Osokorky district was developed. As a result, of the analysis, the author offers recommendations for measures to mitigate climate change in the ecosystem of Kyiv.
Aliphatic alcohols as a component of aviation gasoline
(2016-09-19) Бойченко, Сергій Валерійович; Кондакова, Олеся Геннадіївна; Іванченко, Оксана Володимирівна; Пушак, А.П.
Analysis of layout and justification of design parameters of a demonstration aircraft based on solar cells
(2020) Isaienko, Volodymyr; Kharchenko, Volodymyr; Matiychyk, Mykhailo; Lukmanova, Inessa
The development of aviation vehicles on SC (solar cells) requires, in particular, evaluations of the technical decisions made regarding the layout of future developments and obtaining their design parameters. Accordingly, it is important to take into account previous developments in the various aviation engineering fields relevant to new aviation vehicles on the SC. Thanks to a detailed analysis of the flight and performance characteristics of widely known aircraft models on the SC from the 70s of the 20th century to the present, a picture of the distribution of aerodynamic schemes and important design parameters with conclusions regarding their choice is obtained. For aircraft on SC, the corresponding boundaries of their work in height and speed are determined in comparison with long-range aircraft. Also, acceptable values of unit load per unit area and specific power have been obtained that allow aircraft to be lifted on the SC at altitudes of at least 20 ths.m. These altitudes are promising for longhaul aircraft to be operated on to SC for the purpose of performing the functions of an "aerodynamic satellite" or the so-called "pseudosatellite". The design parameters of the "pseudosatellite" demonstrator on the SC with a wingspan of 11m and a starting mass of 16 kg were obtained.
Analysis of nature protecting activity of the Ukrainian airports
(Національний авіаційний університет, 2020-06) Мушта, Марина Андріївна
Object of research – the formation of environment pollution due to airports activities. Subject of research – management of environment protection activities at Ukrainian airports. Aim оf the work – to analyze the environmental performance of Ukrainian airports. Methods of research: search, analysis and synthesis of information, comparative analysis, visual observations of maps.
Analysis of nature protecting activity of the Ukrainian airports
(National Aviation University, 2020-06-17) Mushta, Maryna Andriivna
Object of research – the formation of environment pollution due to airports activities. Subject of research – management of environment protection activities at Ukrainian airports. Aim оf work – to analyze the environmental performance of Ukrainian airports. Mehods of research: search, analysis and synthesis of information, comparative analysis, visual observations of maps.
Analysis of pollution of ground waters in the airport zone
(National Aviation University, 2005) Franchuk, G.M.; Madzhd, S.M.; Antonov, A.M.
Negative aspect of airport’s activity, which is its harmful influence on the environment, is described, with the emphasis on the ground waters pollution. The pollution of ground waters of the Nyvka river in the zone of international airport Kyiv is analyzed. The levels of waste emission into the river are determined.
Analysis of pollution of ground waters in the airport zone
(Видавництво НАУ, 2005) Маджд, Світлана Михайлівна; Франчук, Григорій Михайлович; Антонов, Алім Михайлдович; Загоруй, Ярослав Вікторович
Розглянуто негативний аспект діяльності аеропорту – його шкідливий вплив на навколишнє середовище, зроблено акцент на забрудненні поверхневих вод. Проаналізовано забруднення поверхневих вод р. Нивки в зоні міжнародного аеропорту Київ. Визначено умови скидання стічних вод у ріку.
Analysis of the Aviation Safety Management System by Fractal and Statistical Tools
(International School of Logistics and Transport in Wroclaw, 2019) Bugayko, Dmytro; Leshchynskyi, Оleg; Sokolova, Nataliya
World civil aviation is an open-source system that is affected by a large number of related and non-related factors. Aviation safety is one of the prioritized directions in the industry. Its managerial decision-making process is primarily based on a versatile analysis of security data in which the choice of the appropriate mathematical apparatus is fundamental. This article suggests applying fractal-statistical analysis to evaluate the aviation safety management system in terms of determining the random distribution of quantitative dynamics of aircraft crashes with lethal consequences in the period from 1946 to 2017. This allows us to verify the adequacy of probabilistic approaches appliance in analysing the dynamics of aviation disasters. The results of research carried out on the basis of the Hurst exponent have allowed us to conclude that the dynamics of aviation disasters is characterized by the effect of "spatial memory". In other words, these are "hidden laws", for which further investigation can become an effective tool for the development of proactive methods in managing aviation safety.
Analysis of the environmental properties of the components of traditional and alternative aviation gasoline
(National Aviation University, 2019) Boichenko, Sergii; Shkilniuk, Iryna; Pavliukh, Lesia; Babikova, Kateryna; Iakovlieva, Anna; Vinetskaya, Roza
In this article have been analyzed ecological properties of traditional and alternative aviation gasoline. We determine that with reducing of aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline, saturated with oxygenates; it is possible to improve the composition of aviation gasoline, thereby reducing the formation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons during combustion. With increasing octane number, the concentration of toxic gases in the exhaust decreases, that improves the ecological properties. Using biofuels leads to improve environmental characteristics.
Analysis of the light pollution in the city of Kyiv
(Національний авіаційний університет, 2020-12) Ковальська, Вікторія Володимирівна
Object of research – processes of pollution formation under the influence of artificial light sources. Aim оf work – assessment of the light pollution level and its impact on environment. Mehods of research: methods of analysis of sky by Bortle scale; comparative analysis of the obtained values of light level in the Kyiv city
Analysis of the operation of sewage treatment plants in the city of Myropil, Zhytomyr oblast, and their impact on the environment
(National Aviation University, 2023-06) Klymenko, Oleksandr Andriyovich; Клименко, Олександр Андрійович
In the qualification work, the theoretical and practical points regarding the condition and operation of sewage treatment plants of the town were considered. Myropol A detailed description of the plan for the construction of treatment facilities and an assessment of their impact on the environment are presented. This work will contribute to informing the residents of the village. Myropol and local self-government bodies on the operation of sewage treatment plants.
Analysis of Ukraine’s prospects for fossil fuels phase out
(Національний авіаційний університет, 2020-06) Пономаренко, Марина Сергіївна
Object of research – fossil fuels use for energy generation. Subject of research – transition from fossil fuels to alternative energy sources. Aim оf work – the aim of the work is the assessment of the structure of modern energy supply and future prospects & opportunities for Ukraine to become energy independent in the gradual abandonment of fossil fuels, and its replacement by more ecologically friendly and renewable sources. Methods of research: analysis, data comparison, statistical data processing.
Anti-wear Properties of Jet Fuel with Camelina Oils Bio-Additives
(Springer, Cham, 2020-01) Trofimov, Igor; Yakovlieva, Anna; Boichenko, Sergii Boichenko; Kuszewsk, Hubert; Lejda, Kazimierz
Anti-wear properties of conventional jet fuel, fatty acids ethyl esters bio-additives derived from camelina oil and their blends were investigated experimentally. Anti-wear properties were estimated on a four-ball tester by the value of the scuffing load, friction torque, friction coefficient and the scuffing load applied to the friction pair operating in a tested fuel sample. The state of friction pairs’ surfaces was studied using the system for tribological characteristics of fuels and lubricants investigation by comparing microphotographs of friction pairs’ surfaces. It was determined that lubricity of bio-additives is intensively higher comparing to conventional jet fuel. Bio-additives derived from camelina oil provide formation of better oxidative film on friction pairs’ surface with higher elasticity. It is stipulated by the chemical composition of fatty acids ethyl esters: high polarity of molecules stipulate its’ good adsorption at the surface of friction pair. Adding bio-additives into jet fuel provides strengthening of boundary film and thus improves anti-wear properties of fuel blends.
Antioxidant capacity of alcoholic beverages based on infusions from non-traditional spicy-aromatic vegetable raw materials
(Ukrainian Food Journal, 2020) Kuzmin, Oleg; Kucherenko, Volodymyr; Sylka, Iryna; Isaienko, Volodymyr; Furmanova, Yuliia; Pavliuchenko, Olena; Hubenia, Viacheslav
The aim of the study is to determine the antioxidant capacity of aqueous-alcoholic infusions using nontraditional spicy-aromatic raw materials in the technology of alcoholic beverages.
Application of Wavelet Transform for Determining Diagnostic Signs
(CEUR-WS, 2019-06) Babikova, Kateryna; Isaienko, Volodymyr; Eremenko, Volodymyr; Zaporozhets, Artur
It is proposed to apply the wavelet transform to localize in time the frequency components of the information signals in this article. The wavelet transform allows to fulfil time-frequency analysis of signals, which is very important for studying the structure of a composite material from the mode composition of free oscillations. The proposed approach to the development of information signals using wavelet transform makes it possible to further study the nature of the occurrence of free oscillations and the propagation of acoustic waves in individual layers of composites and to study the change in the structure of composites from the changes in the three-dimensional wavelet spectrum.
Assessment of air quality within the residential area “Poznyaki” of Kyiv city
(Національний авіаційний університет, 2020-06) Цисар, Ганна Олегівна
Object of research – formation of air quality. Subject – air pollution of Kyiv city. Aim оf work – to assess the atmospheric pollution level in Pozniaky district. Methods of research: analysis, data comparison, statistical data processing.
Assessment of environmental and resource-saving technologies and technical means for processing and disposal of man-made formations and waste
(Private enterprise “Тесhnology Сеntеr”, 2020-08-31) Lyashenko, Vasil; Khomenko, Oleh; Chekushina, Tatjana; Topolnij, Fedor; Dudar, Tamara; Ляшенко, Василь; Хоменко, Олег; Чекушина, Тетяна; Топольний, Федір; Дудар, Тамара
The object of research is environmental and resource-saving technologies and technical means for the pro- cessing and disposal of man-made formations and waste in the underground mining of mineral deposits with backfilling of the worked-out space. One of the most problematic areas is the management of the state of ore- containing energy-disturbed massifs and the delivery of hardening filling mixtures to the place of their laying, as well as the shortage of components for their preparation. This increases the importance of the management of the stress-strain state (SSS) of the rock mass, ensuring the safety of the earth’s surface from destruction and vital activity of the population living in the zone of influence of the mining region. The paper presents the main scientific and practical results of the substantiation of technologies and technical means for the disposal of mining and metallurgical waste into underground goaf (man-made voids) as components of hardening filling mixtures of various composition and strength. Methods of theoretical generalizations with the use of mathematical statistics, physical and mathematical modeling, with the implementation of calculations and feasibility studies, laboratory and field experimental studies, industrial tests in the conditions of operating enterprises of mining and metallurgical production are described. On the basis of the study of the mechanism of stress-strain state of a rock mass using geophysical and surveying methods, an environmental technology for extinguishing technogenic voids in energy-disturbed massifs is proposed. This technology makes it possible to ensure the safety of the earth’s surface and the vital activity of the population living in the zone of influence of mountain objects (mines, dumps, industrial sites for stowing complexes, tailings, ore-processing plants (OPP), etc.). It was found that for the mines of the state enterprise «VostGOK» (Ukraine), the utilization rate of own production waste for hardening backfill is from 0.45 to 0.68; hydraulic – from 0.56 to 0.75; free-flowing – 0.62, and the extraction of each ton of commercial ore is accompanied by the output of 0.7-0.8 tons of waste. An as- sessment of the utilization level of wastes of mining and metallurgical production is given and an inventory for wastes of mining enterprises is given, which gives an estimate and directions of their possible use for the needs of the national economy. The research results can be used in underground mining of complex ore deposits and mining and metallurgical production.
Assessment of health risks for the population of the city of Ivano-Frankivsk due to air pollution
(Національний авіаційний університет, 2020-12) Grace, Oyewole Titilope
Object of research – Impacts of air pollution. Subject – Relationship between air pollutants and ailments Aim оf work – To investigate the possible health risks caused by air pollution among the population in the study area Methods of research: Statistical Data Analysis, Air Quality Evaluation.
Assessment of oil pollution of lake ecosystems in Kyiv
(Національний авіаційний університет, 2020-06) Слободенюк, Марія Іванівна
The object of research - is oil pollution of aquatic ecosystems. The subject of the research - is the assessment of oil pollution of lake ecosystems of the city of Kyiv. The aim of the work - was to study the degree of oil pollution of the lakes of Kyiv in the spring-summer-autumn period of 2019, as well as to identify sources of oil hydrocarbons in reservoirs. Research methods: analytical, chemical, statistical methods of data processing. Topicality. Ecological aspects of water management in Kyiv, in particular the state of pollution of urban water bodies, are becoming more and more socially acute and of national importance, as they are one of the determining factors of national security. Urban lakes play an important role in shaping the ecological well-being of the capital. Within the city of Kyiv today there are 129 lakes that play an important role in maintaining the quality of the urban environment and biotic diversity within the urban landscape. Among the wide range of pollutants entering urban lakes, petroleum products are the most dangerous toxicants, the action of which disturbs the natural ecological balance in water bodies and poses a threat to the safe existence of aquatic organisms. The study of the current state and features of oil pollution of the lakes of Kyiv is relevant in order to assess the potential risk to the life of aquatic organisms and develop a system of measures to prevent their anthropogenic transformation. Practical significance: the results of the study are prepared for implementation in a comprehensive program aimed at protecting aquatic ecosystems and reducing oil pollution of lakes in Kyiv. Personal contribution of the author: elaboration of scientific literature on the topic of work, data analysis of the Institute of Hydrobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, preparation for the implementation of research results.

Browse

Browsing Кафедра екології by Title

Results Per Page

Sort Options