Семантичний поділ умовного складу класичного та сучасного романів в аспекті перекладу

Abstract

В статті розглядаються особливості функціонування умовних речень в англійському класичному та сучасному романах, з’ясовуються їх спільні та відмінні ознаки в межах семантичної організації, а також виявляються труднощі їх відтворення українською мовою. Аналіз семантичних особливостей умовних конструкцій дозволив виокремити певні категорії, а саме: умовні речення з позитивною, нейтральною та негативною конотацією. Акцентовано основні моменти, на які перекладач повинен звернути увагу під час відтворення умовних речень.

In modern linguistics a certain experience has been accumulated in studying expressions with conditional relations. However, there is no consensus nowadays concerning identification of speech fragment where the condition is explicated. Therefore, the necessity exists to extend an understanding of the conditional sentence, consider its structure in the aspect of translation as well as conduct semantic division of conditional sentences of the novels “Pride and Prejudice” by Jane Austen and “Me Before You” by Jojo Moyes. Purpose: To study semantic peculiarities of conditional sentences functioning in the English classical and modern novels, find out their common and different features as well as reveal the difficulties and specific features of English conditional sentences’ translation into Ukrainian. Methods: Analysis, synthesis, induction method, quantitative method, continuous sampling method, descriptive method, contextual analysis and pragmatic analysis method, comparative method. Discussion: In the mentioned novels in terms of grammar there were distinguished five types of conditional sentences: conditional sentences of zero, first, second and third type, and mixed type conditional sentences. In total 271 units in the classical novel and 145 units in the modern novel were taken into consideration. Having analysed semantic peculiarities of different types of conditional sentences in the novels, we have distinguished certain categories of conditional sentences with respect to connotation, in particular: conditional sentences with positive, neutral and negative connotation. Results: The division of conditional sentences with reference to connotation enabled us to conclude that the grammatical type of conditional sentences determines to some extend its semantic colouring, though it does not define the connotation of the sentence as a whole. Sentences with the structure I wish comprise a separate semantic group. The article proposes several tendencies in modern translation of English conditional sentences. The studying of conditional sentence communicative function rendering during translation conditional sentences from English into Ukrainian is supposed to be challenging in as much as the communicative function of something being informed is one of the most essential functions for the achievement of pragmatic impact on the reader.