Use of modern concrete substitutes in construction and architecture

Abstract

Concrete is a versatile building material that is used in virtually all construction industries. The most common use of concrete for the manufacture of enclosures and load-bearing structures in civil and industrial construction. Monolithic construction of homes is becoming more widely used. Concrete is used for architectural expressiveness of buildings, elements of small and landscape architecture with the use of white and colored cements, decorative fillers and various surface treatments. Concretes are widely used in road and airfield construction. But there are drawbacks to the material: metal reinforcement creates electric fields inside the concrete that have a bad effect on human health; concrete production pollutes the atmosphere; early crack formation in the elongated and rapid opening; great weight. This encourages professionals to look for other materials that could replace concrete in various aspects of construction.