GNSS характеристики та вплив погоди на фінальному етапі заходу на посадку.

Abstract

In the Civil Aviation sphere, Research activities aim to improve efficiency and tightening safety targets by providing new strategies of operations, all this is achieved through the implementation of modern and new Communication, Navigation, Surveillance and Air Traffic Management process. In Air Navigation, these goals are met by improving the exiting services and introduce the new one applicable for navigation towards safety, more reliable approach in all weather conditions. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has been identified as a key to technology by providing essential position and timing information supporting flight and ATM operations. GNSS can be observed in the fitting of new CA Aircraft, since a majority of them are now equipped with its receivers. GNSS contains numerous satellites, for instance GPS for The United State of America, Glonass for Russian Federation, Galileo for Europeans Unions, Beidou for Chinese, and more that are still under development. This Master’s has demonstrated the power and benefits of combining two satellites for better performance This thesis argues that atmospheric layers (Ionosphere, Troposphere) do play a vital role on the perturbation of signals from Satellites, in order to improve navigation regardless of the lost signals. Pseudo-range model is presented together with the performance of GNSS integrity with two constellations (GPS combined with Galileo). However, a significant number of reports have been received on different harmful interference to GNSS signals and some suggestions to correct those were mentioned. This thesis focuses on the final approach of an aircraft using combined signals for reliability and safety navigation in CAT I operation. Lastly an innovative algorithm is presented for better guidance at the final approach.