Декарбонізація діяльності аеропортів

Abstract

Наведені результати досліджень світових тенденцій декарбонізації діяльності аеропортів. Простежена динаміка змін у політики аеропортів стосовно добровільної участі у програмі акредитації стосовно викидів вуглецю впродовж 2013-2019 років. Серед об’єктів дослідження – аеропорти п’яти соціально-економічних макрорегіонів світу (Європейського, Азійсько-Тихоокеанського, Африканського, Північноамериканського та Латиноамериканського).

Представлены результаты исследования мировых тенденций декарбонизации деятельности аэропортов. Прослежена динамика изменений в политике аэропортов относительно выбросов углекислого газа на протяжении 2013-2019 годов. Среди объектов исследования – аэропорты пяти социально-экономических макрорегионов (Евро-пейского, Азиатско-Тихоокеанского, Африканского, Североамериканского и Латиноамериканского).

The steady growth of volatile transport volumes in the world, in particular in Ukraine, is accompanied by an increase in the negative impact of aviation enterprises, airports on the environment. Therefore, the system integration of low-carbon policy (decarbonisation) into the operation of airports in the world is relevant and is being implemented everywhere. For airports in Ukraine this is the task of the near future. The purpose of the work is to investigate global trends in the implementation of low-carbon policy by world airports during the years 2013-2019.Among the research facilities are airports of five socio-economic macro-regions of the world (Europe, Asia Pacific, Africa, North America, Latin America).Current trends in the development of airports under the concept of “city-airport” lead to an increase in demand for electricity and heat, the volume of which equals or exceeds the needs of settlements. Such airports, from the urban planning point of view, can be considered as artificially created populated areas that provided aviation and non-aeronautical services.It is necessary to implement appropriate energy management systems, to asses and control carbon emissions according to common standards. The program of voluntary accreditation of European airports for the introduction of low-carbon policy began to operate in 2009.During the ten-year period, 266 airports in 71 countries of the world were involved; total carbon emissions at airports was reduced to 1393.9 tons; 49 airports are accredited as “carbon-neutral”. The share of European airports in the total number of carbon-neutral airports is 82%. Third-party organizations that work on the territory of airports are also interested in reducing carbon emissions. They are also involved in the accreditation of the appropriate types of loyalty. The positive experience of implementation of investment projects on energy saving at the municipal level, accumulated in Ukraine during 200-2019, allows it to be extended to no-aeronautical activities of the country`s airports (administrative, public buildings, parking lots, centers logistics etc).